Current World Environment

Introduction

one of important matter that swayed economy and social condition in recent ages is the appearance of different cities, new towns, development of old cities, growth of inhabitants in town and finally city development for reaching to city development, city administer is the important tool. City extension that made from organization of factors, forces and resource for manage the affairs and answer to citizens needs and include: consequence of plan, perform, oversee and control; city administer with organization and formation the city, preparation and manage the exploitation from attraction, improvement and repairing the historical remains (places), extension of green spaces and parks and perform the plans of city development, plag the most important role in development of cities (Fanni and et al, 2005). Whereas in present condition sound that city administer system face with challeng about using of people helps in city management. On this base , present research focus to survey the role of politics of city administer systems and people helps on city management.

Theorical Elements of Research

Administer and City Development

The city is complex of human, physical, social and economical activities, on this base it's necessary to better use of complex activities and prevent from waste of management forces by use of last found ations about the best ways of behave with human, environment and economy resources take place (Werna, 1995). That role of city administer is very important in ways of city development and improvement of city inhabits. From other standpoint, we can take city management into account in way of a lawful and steady development. This matter have more importance, because the way of management on desirable current of city life con plag most important role in improvement of human inhabits and stability of city development (Shieh, 2003). The greatest duties of city administer (tow halls and city councils) in supervising of cities, is preparation the basic under constructions for streamlined actions of cities, preparation the needed service for development of human resources, improvement the usage and standards for citizens life, setting the activities of privacy part that effective on safety, health and social comfort of citizens and … (Hoseini et al, 2012).

The process of city development is affected by economic al, environmental , social, political and population reasons that has been passed different stages along history (times). city development when will be steady that along times, it's be a city that in terms of environment be able to inhabit and live (clean air, healthy water, fields, shallow and underground waters without dirt and pollution), in terms of economic be durable (city economy must can adaptable with technical and industrial changes for conservation the basic jobs and reasonable house and supply their inhabits with equity tax) and in terms of social be unity (practical models of fields, social unity and citizen feelings), that human can gain justness income, supply house and dedicate their efforts and times for protection of city.

The Methodology of Research

The happening of this research is description analytic and base on ways of pathing. The tool of evaluation in this research is question sheet. The all citizens of Bandare Torkeman town with 48736 person, make the statistical society of this present research. Take sample from society is done by systematic accidently and with use of kokran formula that on this base 244 person choose as members of sample bulk that 250 personchoosed as final sample for increasing the quality and credit of more correctness.

Particulars of Limits of Study Matter (case)

Bandare Torkeman is one of west towns of golestan - province the geographical location of this town is in the range of temperatures between east length, 54 degree and 6 minute from the grinvich meridian and north wideness (parallel) 36 degree and 49 minute from equator and situated at a side of Tehran - gorgan connection path (road) (The city of Bandare Torkeman conductor, 1999).in terms of relative location, this town is a center of Torkeman City that situated  at south-east coast of Caspian see and the side of gorgan gulf and round about 35 kilometers  have distance with the gorgan (center of province). the elevation of  town from the level of Caspian sea is almost 6/5 meter higher . the limits of Torkeman town  from north is gomishan town and from east is aqqala town and from south – east is gorgan town and from south is kordkoy town and from south – west is Bandare Gaz town and from west is gorgan gulf and Caspian sea. The population of this town was being in accord to statistics of the years 1956,1966,1976,1986,1996,2006 and 2011 in orderequal with 8284, 13081, 17339, 28358, 38782, 45249 and 48736 person (the statistics center of iran, 2013).

Fig. 1: geographical position map of BandareTorkeman city Click here to View figure

Research Foundations

Description Foundations

The results that gained from question sheet show that the most number of persons that answer, with 92 profusion is related to age group 31 to 40 and a little of then with 18 profusion  related to age to the group less them 30 yours old and more them 60 yours old. 73/2% of persons were man and 26/8% of then were woman, also 86/8% are married and 13/2% are single. place of birth of 85/2% of persons is in town and 14/8% of them is out of town. is relation to level of education, most of them with 87 (profusion), concern to b.c (expert) group and a little persons with 6 profusion concern to m.s (master) group and higher level, also demanding for continue the life between this persons is in average level.

Perception Foundation

In this part and in relation to topic of research, 2 matters will pose: the politics of city administer system and development of city space that is this direction the factors: ''the reaction of managers'', ''civil projects and city services'' and ''the situation of usage of city fields'' in relation to politics of city administer service and the factor ''access to city possibilities and a barriers of city development'' about entrance of city space will be study.

*The reaction of authorities (principal) :The elevation of reaction is one of the basic and main tools of administer for searching to goals, strategies and plans of organizations. in public organizations like town hall (public office of city), the design and establishment of evaluation system can lead to right guidance of executive principals for reaching to goals, duties, ways and development plans and improve the city services coincide with quality. Expenses and time. as town hall is responsible for administer of city as public organization, its necessary to evaluate the action and ultimately manage the action (Memarzadeh et al, 2009). on this base and in relation to the level of satisfaction of citizens from the principals reaction in field of city development, the information at Figure (2) available and attention to marked average show that level of satisfaction of citizens toward the principals is not satisfactory. 

Fig. 2: Percent of citizen satisfaction with the performance of the Urban Development Authority Click here to View figure

*Civil Projects and City Services

For survey of relationship between satisfaction level of town hall action and presenter systems of city services, from 10 factor has been used.

Table 1: A comparison between the level of satisfaction of the citizens of the municipality and the municipal service provider at 7-sided local of town using Kruskal-Wallis test Click here to View table

*Situation of Land Usage of City

one of important point in fields of city administer is related to use of field manage based on city development plans. Field is main element in city development because of this control of ways of using it and count the real need of city to field for supply different usage at present time and conformity of digits (numbers) and gained quantities to future at solve the problems of field, house and suitable growth of cities accord to city development plan is effective (Khakpour et al, 2007).

Table 2: Distribution of the status quo, Shortage and land use offers in Bandare Torkeman city Click here to View table

Fig. 3: Land use status quo map of Bandare Torkeman city Click here to View figure

With attention to extant information at comprehensive design and doing the digit counting (evaluation of extant lack and future need accord to good capitation) and based on sounding that done, also around observations and extant matters and examples, Bandare Torkeman town in educational usage (elementary, middle and high school), sanitary - therapeutic, commercial, green space (parks), administrative - disciplinary, religious – cultural and also tourism - reception, didn't have the desirable and acceptable growth and development. Certainly, in form of partly and nominal, is some parts like educational usage, sanitary - therapeutic, commercial, administrative - disciplinary and religious - cultural, we can see evidences and signs of growth and boom that again it's not proportionate with increasing of population,  physical  growth of  town and  variety  of needs and  cumulative immigration of village to town especially because of attraction of maskanemehr apartments. In another usage that mentioned at first, mainly. In green space (parks) and tourism- reception, have been felt a lot of weakness and lack, inspire of their basic and important impression on space and appearance of city and create mobility in more scopes. The compact and increase of population breath and also the needs of town community and young generation and the rate of times changes, cause to have preparation and storage in this fields with knowledge and programs and huge management.

*Access to Town Possibilities and Under Constructions

The equal and approached distribution of different possibilities and services is the way for shift the unbalanced regional and raise the level of people life (Ghanbari, 2012). the gained results show that the satisfaction of citizens toward the existence of elementary middle and high schools in their vicinity with (2/81) average and existence of university with (2/51) average is in relative level, in spite of other factor that satisfaction in them accord to lower average from average level is in lower level.

Table 3: Satisfaction of citizens' access to needed urban using in areas the chi-square test Click here to View table

*Barriers of City Development 

For comparison  the citizens ideas about the challenges of city development in political and social - cultural parts at 7-sided local of town is used from Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test (table 4). as its ob served in table (4), in political part , the difference between inattentiveness on behalf  of  principals and planners especially the un native principals and enough inattentiveness of showground principals to 99% and  in another 2 factors, un specialty of  many town authorities and principals and  allocation of especial reliable rows for coast development to 95% is meaningful.

Table 4: comparison  the citizens ideas about the challenges of city development in political and social - cultural parts at 7-sided local of town using Kruskal-Wallis test Click here to View table

In social - cultural part there factors in order of priority known as main barriers of city development the mistrust to principals, existence of official dies orders and variety of nations. firstly the people known the barriers of city development with care and sharpness and secondly with use of suitable and seasoned principals try to reaching to purposes and constructive planes. and from this easy, we can easiness the difficulty of official system with fingertip of strategy thinking and specialty and commitment in course of the satis faction of people and if this purposes be produced the variety of nation in steed of being barrier, can be useful and change to great bed for discover the talents and use of capacities  and improve of social and national reinforcement.

Conclusion

On the one hand, and the development and transformation of the problems and needs and legitimate demands of citizens associated, requires that the sides and aspects of civil society and citizens, relevance and transparency and continuous communication is established which is the case for sustainable development; responsible to the people of the area feel strongly committed to their task, and to answer their concerns and citizens interact are mutually aware of such officials, to transfer useful information and strategies and design requirements and are sympathetic criticism. The evolution and growing scientific and realistic, certainly leads to such empathy and collaboration, resulting in the discovery of hidden talents and assets of the lost and be. In this process, God is the audience and the people, service and honesty, creativity and development and the sustainable development based on social justice, ideals and dreams of all. On this base, the ideas offer in order to improvement of city development for suitable use of existence capacities, the most important of them are blow:

• Development of green space in from of local parks for simplification of people access and the increase of its budget with considering the people and the existence lack;
• The development of public transporting in from concentrate terminals for traveller for best control and management and erection of freeway for decreasing the traffic of city and increase of usage transportation;
• The erection of repel sewage channels and prevent from evacuation of home sewage into sea to prevent from environment pollution;
• Upgrade the level of public information with set up co-working culture and permanent consult between principals and people;
• Making organization and syndicates and organize them in field of co-working in civil designs and projects;
• Design the sounding cites and electronic link between people and townhall;
• Consult with citizens in programs and decisions and making use of the experiment and specialty of citizens in accord to their desires to way of supervising co-working and advisory in sounding.

References
 

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